Microbiological and Technological Insights on Anaerobic Digestion of Animal Manure: A Review

Anaerobic digestion of animal manure results in the production renewable energy (biogas) and nutrient-rich biofertilizer. A further benefit technology is decreased greenhouse gas emissions that otherwise occur during storage. Since makes anaerobic cost-efficient advance for higher methane yields, it utmost importance to find strategies improve bottlenecks such as degradation lignocellulose, e.g., cattle manure, or circumvent microbial inhibition by ammonia caused nitrogen compounds in, chicken, duck, swine manure. This review summarizes characteristics different manures provides insight into underlying mechanisms causing challenging problems with process. particular focus put upon retention time organic loading rate high-ammonia processes, which should be designed optimized support microorganisms tolerate high conditions, syntrophic acetate oxidizing bacteria hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Furthermore, operating managements used stabilize increase yield including supporting materials, addition trace elements, incorporation removal technologies, are summarized. The finalized a discussion research needed outline conceivable operational methods process instability performance.